夕阳下,野菊花
秋风凋碧叶,几场秋雨。秋霜,秋雪,秋风寒得紧,这是什么鬼天气
?许多枫叶还没黄,便连枝打落地。秋风扫落叶,夜雨淋淋,以为一
整个盛夏世界都被扫尽。臂隐隐酸痛,风不住在屋檐上喧;又想起秋
瑾临刑前诗句:秋风秋雨愁煞人!身体毫无准备,便卷入了严寒,真
感到吃不消。早晨,天一放晴,斜阳几缕,清朗,菊花绽放。天上刮
强风,风驶急云,终于扫出一片万里无云。太阳犹如一位富有灵感而
又多产的诗人,把光辉铺展成满山遍野的花卉。爱在深秋,不是花中
偏爱菊?古人云:和其光,同其尘。阳光下的野菊花,何等垒落!
性好菊,连着也爱秋天,只是今秋太无人情。虽有菊类,是秋天的精
灵,眼睛,大地的温馨。菊花瓣英文称Ray,菊花亦被多种文化等称
日,朵朵小太阳。太阳播下的小不点儿,播撒一地。说到眼睛,菊有
眼,英文称Ox-Eye。
菊未必属秋,春菊多,夏菊无量,就说是冬天吧,也还有干菊,残菊
,暖屋中盆栽菊。比如千重菊瓣的Chrysanthemum,一般人或简称
mums,就很室内。
Chrysanthemum这个名称不好记,但分解一下,就象把菊花瓣一朵
朵抽出来,才是一朵朵花。Chrys,金黄,anthem花冠,mum尾缀,
英文倒拿尾缀当通俗名,可见人们通俗起来也够彻底!而菊花,实际
上是一朵朵小花的连缀,靠边上的花称Ray,中间密集的称Disc,两
种花型,都有完整的花的结构。在植物学上称头状花序,最典型的头
状菊是象日葵,那一颗颗葵花籽,都是一朵朵花结晶。我最中意的蓍
草,却是头序密集头序,复式得无以复加,此不叙。
下班后,夕阳中,我执一本野花鉴定手册,在后院后山溪水人家旁访
菊。我钟意菊花有许多美妙的名,不说拉丁语中的希腊神话传奇,海
伦,阿尔忒弥斯,阿基里斯,半人马(Centaur)。就说英文的通俗名
Aster,Daisy,Goldenrod,Wormwood,Marguerite。中文名称
,雨菊,飞蓬,雁河菊,蓟,野马追,雏菊,刘寄奴……
曾经有一段时间,把一百多种中文菊花名学朱天文《荒人手记》的红
蓝色谱编成一首菊花名经(Sutra),诵读不已。
后院台上三种菊,Zinnia(百日菊),红白瓣的大丽(Dahlia),万寿菊
(Marigold),秋英已谢!还有一盆天竺葵(Pelargonium)。此葵非彼
向日葵,不是菊类。再要买一盆千年菊(Helipterum, Everlasting),
就缺一盆十大功劳。百日菊,千年菊,万寿菊,十、百、千、万,凑
顺一路吉利。菊,发音类桔,拈花谶语!
朝河边走,就更多野菊了:小小紫菀,密集弱质的轮盘。各式各色属
种,一日幸福的阳光,应说不尽,是中国古代画家的最爱。各式样的
一枝黄,金棒棒,花期长,夕阳中曳。千里光花叶式微,一种类似的
款冬叶,Coltsfoot/Lion's foot?等候冬季的来临。水边诸多种泽兰
(Eupatorium),名兰,实为菊,一种密集类似蓟的菊,倒没有了蓟。
人家门口多mums--菊中之菊,中国菊,金英(Chrysanthemum)。
村边一种菊,宽厚的叶,带齿,白洁绽放,有点象Marguerite,以前
一直以为Shasta Daisy,叶看来不对。Black-eyed Susan,秋天的
眼睛。Rudbeckia,金光菊,都曾是人们栽培。变荒芜了,还留着地
下根茎。吹一口秋蒲公英,扎几根鬼针,夕阳西下,乍然吟起小林一
茶的俳句:
夕阳落脚下,地上野菊花
山村的夜来得急,太阳一落山就转黑了。风有些抽冷,赶紧回屋添衣
,翻书作更多的核对,网上查询。转眼出门去,天麻麻黑,闪烁的星
星。Blazing stars,在我眼中,都成了麒麟菊(Liatris)。
- posted on 10/20/2009
xw wrote:
曾经有一段时间,把一百多种中文菊花名学朱天文《荒人手记》的红蓝色谱编成一首菊花名经(Sutra),诵读不已。
.....
村边一种菊,宽厚的叶,带齿,白洁绽放,有点象Marguerite,以前一直以为Shasta Daisy,叶看来不对。
也想读读这首《菊花名经》(Sutra)!
这菊花不是野的,我种的。白色的这有些像你说的村边村边白菊,也忘了叫什么了,入了秋才开花的。
今年好像蜜蜂又回来了。
vvv - posted on 10/20/2009
rzp wrote:
xw wrote:也想读读这首《菊花名经》(Sutra)!
曾经有一段时间,把一百多种中文菊花名学朱天文《荒人手记》的红蓝色谱编成一首菊花名经(Sutra),诵读不已。
.....
村边一种菊,宽厚的叶,带齿,白洁绽放,有点象Marguerite,以前一直以为Shasta Daisy,叶看来不对。
Daisy是肯定,估计是某种人工品种,一般Shasta开不到这么深秋。
菊花名经容我再整理整理,先转一个金斯堡的象日葵经:
Sunflower Sutra
http://www.boppin.com/sunflower.html
I walked on the banks of the tincan banana dock and
sat down under the huge shade of a Southern
Pacific locomotive to look at the sunset over the
box house hills and cry.
Jack Kerouac sat beside me on a busted rusty iron
pole, companion, we thought the same thoughts
of the soul, bleak and blue and sad-eyed,
surrounded by the gnarled steel roots of trees of
machinery.
The oily water on the river mirrored the red sky, sun
sank on top of final Frisco peaks, no fish in that
stream, no hermit in those mounts, just ourselves
rheumy-eyed and hungover like old bums
on the riverbank, tired and wily.
Look at the Sunflower, he said, there was a dead gray
shadow against the sky, big as a man, sitting
dry on top of a pile of ancient sawdust--
--I rushed up enchanted--it was my first sunflower,
memories of Blake--my visions--Harlem
and Hells of the Eastern rivers, bridges clanking Joes
Greasy Sandwiches, dead baby carriages, black
treadless tires forgotten and unretreaded, the
poem of the riverbank, condoms & pots, steel
knives, nothing stainless, only the dank muck
and the razor-sharp artifacts passing into the
past--
and the gray Sunflower poised against the sunset,
crackly bleak and dusty with the smut and smog
and smoke of olden locomotives in its eye--
corolla of bleary spikes pushed down and broken like
a battered crown, seeds fallen out of its face,
soon-to-be-toothless mouth of sunny air, sunrays
obliterated on its hairy head like a dried
wire spiderweb,
leaves stuck out like arms out of the stem, gestures
from the sawdust root, broke pieces of plaster
fallen out of the black twigs, a dead fly in its ear,
Unholy battered old thing you were, my sunflower O
my soul, I loved you then!
The grime was no man's grime but death and human
locomotives,
all that dress of dust, that veil of darkened railroad
skin, that smog of cheek, that eyelid of black
mis'ry, that sooty hand or phallus or protuberance
of artificial worse-than-dirt--industrial--
modern--all that civilization spotting your
crazy golden crown--
and those blear thoughts of death and dusty loveless
eyes and ends and withered roots below, in the
home-pile of sand and sawdust, rubber dollar
bills, skin of machinery, the guts and innards
of the weeping coughing car, the empty lonely
tincans with their rusty tongues alack, what
more could I name, the smoked ashes of some
cock cigar, the cunts of wheelbarrows and the
milky breasts of cars, wornout asses out of chairs
& sphincters of dynamos--all these
entangled in your mummied roots--and you there
standing before me in the sunset, all your glory
in your form!
A perfect beauty of a sunflower! a perfect excellent
lovely sunflower existence! a sweet natural eye
to the new hip moon, woke up alive and excited
grasping in the sunset shadow sunrise golden
monthly breeze!
How many flies buzzed round you innocent of your
grime, while you cursed the heavens of the
railroad and your flower soul?
Poor dead flower? when did you forget you were a
flower? when did you look at your skin and
decide you were an impotent dirty old locomotive?
the ghost of a locomotive? the specter and
shade of a once powerful mad American locomotive?
You were never no locomotive, Sunflower, you were a
sunflower!
And you Locomotive, you are a locomotive, forget me
not!
So I grabbed up the skeleton thick sunflower and stuck
it at my side like a scepter,
and deliver my sermon to my soul, and Jack's soul
too, and anyone who'll listen,
--We're not our skin of grime, we're not our dread
bleak dusty imageless locomotive, we're all
beautiful golden sunflowers inside, we're blessed
by our own seed & golden hairy naked
accomplishment-bodies growing into mad black
formal sunflowers in the sunset, spied on by our
eyes under the shadow of the mad locomotive
riverbank sunset Frisco hilly tincan evening
sitdown vision.
Allen Ginsberg
Berkeley, 1955
谢谢你的菊花照,rzp. 植物园又是一年度的日本菊展:)
这菊花不是野的,我种的。白色的这有些像你说的村边村边白菊,也忘了叫什么了,入了秋才开花的。
今年好像蜜蜂又回来了 - posted on 10/22/2009
xw wrote:
rzp wrote:Daisy是肯定,估计是某种人工品种,一般Shasta开不到这么深秋。
xw wrote:也想读读这首《菊花名经》(Sutra)!
曾经有一段时间,把一百多种中文菊花名学朱天文《荒人手记》的红蓝色谱编成一首菊花名经(Sutra),诵读不已。
.....
村边一种菊,宽厚的叶,带齿,白洁绽放,有点象Marguerite,以前一直以为Shasta Daisy,叶看来不对。
大概是Montauk Daisy了。植物园的秋菊展都是日本人弄来的,有一次那里的工作人员问我有没有其它亚洲社团可以弄类似的亚洲植物交流,我一时半会想不出。日本人做什么都特别团队精神,学校图书馆的书也都是日本妈妈们花时间给包的,学校里又日式午餐,却没有中式午餐。。。。。。
广州也每年有春秋菊展,在烈士陵园。 - Re: 夕阳下,野菊花posted on 10/22/2009
写得真美,真意趣。
xw这些文字都该出书的,配上个图片,比百科还百科。 - posted on 10/22/2009
to rzp,
中国的妈妈要多努力啊。你看日本人,每个移民都带来一棵植物种子
,美国的山野,花园,好看的植物多冠以日本名。许多其实源于中国
的,但这Montauk Daisy确源于日本,我菊花书中说:
NIPPONANTHEMUM
The one species of this small, autumn-floweing shrub provide a climactic contribution to the seasonal galaxy of white-rayed daisies, which starts in earnest with Anthemis pu nctata subsp. cupaniana about six months earlier. Its particular distinction lies in ites latensess, after even Leucanthemella serotina and the Korean chrysanthemum 'Wedding Day'. It is in any event very different in form from these, with dark green glossy foliage to serve as a foil against which the purity of the flowerheads can be appreciated to the full.
N. Nipponicum(syn. Chrysanthemum nipponicum, Leucanthemum nipponicum) grows to a height of about 60cm(24in), the stems upright and slightly branched, with the spoon-shaped leaves mostly near their bases. The flowerheads are up to 7cm(3in) across, with a disc at first greenish, changing to yellow.
A native of coastal areas in Japan, the plant is unfortunately not fully hardy. Except in very mild areas it needs placement close to a wall of southerly or westerly aspect to minimize the risk of early frost spoiling the display. Well-drained soil and a protective mulch over the winter period are also advisable. Propagation is by division in late spring, or by seed.
John Sutton, The Plantfinder's Guide to DAISIES.
这《菊花名经》快出来了,够折腾人脑子,以前的版本只图音韵,新
鲜,却过于随意,作了些修订。这一修订就乱了神,还得回复往日的
心情,把菊花很很地参悟了一通,收获非浅。
看今晚能否拿得出手:)
&
那一线桔还未校订,也未终结。得从英文角度再综汇别类一下,就满
意了。这不,头也弄大了,谁说写客体容易?
xiaoman wrote:
写得真美,真意趣。
xw这些文字都该出书的,配上个图片,比百科还百科。
谢小曼鼓励!何必出书?网上就很好啊,还有对话。 - posted on 10/22/2009
《菊名经》(draft)
……是时天雨曼陀罗华、摩诃曼陀罗华、曼殊沙华、摩诃曼殊沙华,而散佛上,及
诸大众。--《妙法莲华经》
净口业真言
唵,修利修利,摩诃修利,修修利,萨婆诃。
雏菊,Daisy,母菊,雨菊,日光菊,甘菊,小甘菊,加蜜列,罗马加蜜列,春菊,
春黄菊,延命菊,蓍,金盏菊,亚菊,艾,茼蒿,木茼蒿,青蒿,牡蒿,黄花蒿,
沙蒿,蛔蒿,茵陈蒿,菴闾,豚草,黑蒿,猪毛蒿,滨蒿,白蒿(大籽蒿),栉节蒿,
女蒿,百花蒿。山道年,滨菊,小滨菊,山芫荽,绢菊,绵衫菊,脂香菊,除虫菊,
艾菊,小白菊,菊蒿,蓝眼菊。
紫菀,Aster,女菀,乳菀,硷菀,路边菊,麻菀,裸菀,翠菊,蓬蒿,雁河菊,
飞蓬,寒蓬,一年蓬,一枝黄花,莎菀,狗娃花,马兰,田基麻,蓝滨菊。金钮扣,
鬼针草(婆婆纳),苍耳,金鸡菊,大金鸡菊,大丽,紫锥花(球菊),金光菊,松香
草,蛇目菊,顶天草,羽芒菊,百日草,蟛蜞菊,肿柄菊,菊薯,天山雪莲,松果
菊,银胶菊,美兰菊,小葵子,菊芋(洋姜),象日葵。
堆心菊,Helenium,苞菊,天人菊,六月菊,忠心菊,虎皮菊,莱雅菊,万寿菊,
孔雀草,鹅不食草。和尚菜,白酒草,画笔菊,兔儿伞,猫儿菊,兔儿风,花花柴,
野马追,醴肠,豨莶,猫耳草,天蔓青,蟹甲草,虾须草,金鱼草,蝎尾菊。喀什
菊,疆菊,天山蓍,太行菊,蚱蜢腿子。武夷千里光,纽约紫菀,荷兰菊,格桑花,
小波斯菊,大波斯菊(秋英)。
矢车菊,Centaurea,蓟,大蓟,大翅蓟,勋章菊,王菊,苞术,牛蒡,毛飞廉,
旱花,红花,红蓝花,香芙蓉,珀菊,非洲菊,蓝目菊,鳍蓟,虎头蓟,水飞蓟,
圣蓟,菜蓟,朝鲜蓟,顶羽蓟,苓菊,泥胡菜,菊苣,岩参,还羊参,麻花头,升
麻,风毛菊,雪莲,水飞蓟,仙人球,莴苣,莴笋,球蓟,玻璃菊,猪耳草,狮齿
菊,孟农,鸦葱,鬼督邮,婆罗门参,福王草,苦苣菜,苦荬菜,苦麻菜(鹅草),
蒲公英,苦菜,生菜(沙拉菜),扶郎花,毛运菜,大丁草,斑鸠菊,地胆草,黄鹌
菜,地胆草,粉苞菊,太阳菊。
麒麟菊,Blazingstar(蛇鞭菊),小泽兰,下田菊,佩兰,泽兰(不老草),霍香蓟,
香泽兰,甜菊,山菊,孩儿菊。旋覆花,金佛草,土木香,牛眼菊,艾纳香,毛将
军,臭蚤草,山黄菊。
香青,Everlasting,山荻,籁萧,蝶须菊,鳞托花,蜡菊,麦杆菊,小麦杆菊,
千年菊,银苞菊,金绣球,火绒草(雪绒花),一点红,缨绒花,鼠麴草,线绒花,
三七草,白凤菜,橐吾,蛮鬼塔,山苦,肉菊,垂头菊,多榔菊,款冬,蜂斗菜,
千里光,仙人笔,刘寄奴,昭和草,中国千里光,瓜叶菊,花叶如意。
菊,秋菊,陶菊,Chrysanthemum,黄华、金英。
====
名称整得头晕,还是先贴份草稿,有空再修订。
- posted on 10/26/2009
重阳刚过,想到今年植物园日本菊花展的精彩,又想起十三种菊花型
。这三万种之一的菊,又能开拓出万千不用的品种,象玫瑰,真是令
人叹为观止(今天只在一种菊花内格物):
Chrysanthemum blooms are divided into 13 different bloom forms by the US National Chrysanthemum Society, Inc., which is in keeping with the international classification system. The bloom forms are defined by the way in which the ray and disk florets are arranged.
Chrysanthemum blooms are composed of many individual flowers (florets), each one capable of producing a seed. The disk florets are in the center of the bloom head, and the ray florets are on the perimeter. The ray florets are considered imperfect flowers, as they only possess the female productive organs, while the disk florets are considered perfect flowers as they possess both male and female reproductive organs.
Irregular Incurve: These are the giants of the chrysanthemum world. Quite often disbudded to create a single giant bloom (ogiku), the disk florets are completely concealed, while the ray florets curve inwardly to conceal the disk and also hang down to create a 'skirt'.
Reflex: The disk florets are concealed and the ray florets reflex outwards to create a mop like appearance.
Regular Incurve: Similar to the irregular incurves, only usually smaller blooms, with nearly perfect globular form. Disk florets are completely concealed. They used to be called 'Chinese'.
Decorative: Similar to reflex blooms without the mop like appearance. Disk florets are completely concealed, ray florets usually don't radiate at more than a 90 degree angle to the stem.
Intermediate Incurve: These blooms are in-between the Irregular and Regular incurves in both size and form. They usually have broader florets and a more loosely composed bloom. Again, the disk florets are completely concealed.
Pompon: *Note the spelling, it is not pompom. The blooms are fully double, of small size, and almost completely globular in form.
Single/Semi-Double: These blooms have completely exposed disk florets, with between 1 and 7 rows of ray florets, usually radiating at not more than a 90 degree angle to the stem.
Anemone: The disk florets are prominently featured, quite often raised and overshadowing the ray florets.
Spoon: The disk florets are visible and the long tubular ray florets are spatulate.
Quill: The disk florets are completely concealed, and the ray florets are tube like.
Spider: The disk florets are completely concealed, and the ray florets are tube like with hooked or barbed ends, hanging loosely around the stem.
Brush & Thistle: The disk florets may be visible. The ray florets are often tube like, and project all around the flower head, or project parallel to the stem.
Exotic: These blooms defy classification as they possess the attributes of more than one of the other twelve bloom types.
http://www.mums.org/journal/articles/classifications.htm - KIKUposted on 10/26/2009
Chrysanthemum morifolium
Cascade
大作
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